June 2018

A letter from the Editor
Gorazd Golob

Editor-in-chief

In the second issue of the Journal in 2018, the interdisciplinarity of the field, which is covered by the papers accepted for publication, is again evident. The first paper presents a study of the use of Fast Fourier Transform method of acquiring sharpen images, in this case in the post-press process operations. Using this method, where only a simple digital camera is needed as hardware, and image analysis of the sharp image of the prints is used, it is possible to recognize the shape and the position of the print elements, which increases the reliability and performance and reduces the possibility of errors in the manufacturing process.

The second paper presents an overview of the relatively extensive research on the use of font optimization that reduces the use of printing ink, mainly in the office communication. A part of the research is based on previous publications by other authors. The identified deficiencies in the basic method of evaluation of legibility or the likeness of the text is adequately improved, which adds value to the published paper.

The third paper is from the field of electronic media. This time a discourse analysis is made of a television campaign in the Tamil language, to raise awareness and take action against the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Associate Editor Markéta Držková (marketa.drzkova@jpmtr.org) again reviewed and edited the news in the field. The updated content and subject area of Paperbase brings well-organized overview of publications from the field, which is also partly covered by the Journal. The possibilities of cooperation and access to resources and information provided by Mendeley are also introduced. The Intergraf economic report is a relatively optimistic overview of the economic and market situation in the graphic industry. Interesting here is the choice of terminology, because in the title of the report the term “graphic industry” is used, unlike the previously more usual “printing industry” or “graphic arts”. The selection of newly issued books is mainly oriented in the field of inkjet, laser and functional printing, color science, inks and pigments, typography and publishing.

Among the doctoral theses, an overview of the work of Jian Chen in the field of mechanical behavior of the paper, defended at the Technical University of Darmstadt, is presented. Further, at the Linköping University, Paula Žitinski Elías obtained a Ph.D. on the up-to-date subject of image quality and multichannel printing. Towards history oriented Rosie Shute, who studied spelling variations and printed texts of William Caxton, the first English printer, to obtain her Ph.D. at the University of Sheffield.

The Topicalities conclude with a review and presentation of international conferences, workshops, and other events from all over the world, which enable us to obtain information, knowledge and exchange of experiences in the entire field, that we consider as our research area.

The next issue of the Journal will be released in September, just before the International Conference of iarigai. This year it is organized by the Department of Printing Technology of the Warsaw University of Technology, simultaneously with the Conference of the International Circle of Educational Institutes for Graphic Arts Technology and Management (IC). The participation of iarigai and IC, two important international organizations, at the joint conferences in Warsaw is a good opportunity to deepen the cooperation between both organizations and their members in research and publication of the results both at conferences and in the Journal.

Ljubljana, June 2018

Robust Fourier-based focusing method for post-press inspection

Julian Schäfer, Felipe Fernandes and Edgar Dörsam
E-mails: schaefer@idd.tu-darmstadt.de; fernandes@idd.tu-darmstadt.de; doersam@idd.tu-darmstadt.de
Institute of Printing Science and Technology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Magdalenenstr. 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany

Abstract

Post-print optical inspection of printed sheets becomes more and more substantial in job printing in order to reduce both errors and setup time in the cutting process. This paper provides a new method for on-sensor based focusing for cameras using a two-dimensional FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). Deriving from contrast based focusing and two dimensional FFT an approach is shown which uses the amplitude spectrum provided by FFT. Emphasizing high frequencies and therefore masking the power spectrum results in a method which presents sufficient accurate focusing on stacks of paper sheets. A variety of tests have been performed to verify the method provided in this paper. Four different types of paper were tested using four different test charts in order to cover a broad span of print layouts found in job printing.

Keywords: power spectrum, two dimensional Fast Fourier Transform, job printing, inline inspection

JPMTR 107 | 1809 Research paper
DOI 10.14622/JPMTR-1809
UDC 681.6-004.93|62.5

Received: 2018-03-20
Accepted: 2018-06-23

Use of Ecofont software in digital printing on permanent papers

Veronika Štampfl and Diana Gregor-Svetec
E.mail: veronika.stampfl@ntf.uni-lj.si; diana.gregor@ntf.uni-lj.si
Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Snežniška 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Abstract

The durability of paper and permanence of printed text is important for publications and documents in libraries and archives, among them for long-lasting correspondence, that is mostly produced by using digital printing techniques. Nowadays, a very important issue is sustainability, that requires a sustainable graphic design of printed documents. The use of Ecofont software enables printing text documents with up to 50 % less use of printing ink. The purpose of the presented research was to establish the permanence of text, which was printed on permanent paper in two different font types (Times New Roman and Arial) and four sizes, from 8 pt to 14 pt. Two printing techniques were used for each font type, inkjet, and electrophotography, along with the Ecofont software. The research has shown that the use of the Ecofont software is appropriate for printing documents with the requirement for longer stability period, but the choice of printing technique, material and type combination is important and must be taken into consideration. In our research, the best combination was font Arial in size 12 pt printed with Ecofont software using inkjet technique. Generally, the combination of Ecofont software and electrophotography resulted in lower durability than Ecofont software-processed text printed with inkjet technique.

Keywords: legibility, text permanence, sustainability, accelerated ageing

JPMTR 108 | 1807 Research paper
DOI 10.14622/JPMTR-1807
UDC 004.91-028.25:676.22

Received: 2018-03-05
Accepted: 2018-04-10

HIV/AIDS communication through televised public service announcement in the Tamil language

V.R. Revathy and I. Arul Aram
E-mails: revathycbe@gmail.com; arulram@yahoo.com
Department of Media Sciences, Anna University, Chennai, India

Abstract

In HIV/AIDS communication, gender defines how programmes respond to the needs of both men and women. Supportive environments should be created to have enough means of protection against the disease, besides care, when infected. The research methods adopted for this study is discourse analysis of ‘Pulli Raja’, televised public service announcement (PSA) on HIV/AIDS. The study has taken a televised PSA in the Tamil language, adapted from the Hindi language. In HIV/AIDS communication, televised PSA is an important tool in educating and creating awareness among women. The research is based on ‘Pulli Raja’ PSA, brought forth on HIV/AIDS in the last two decades. Discourse analysis helps to understand the media text, context, gender, character portrayal, location and the target audience. Health belief model is adopted to understand the psychological health behaviour change.

Keywords: Pulli Raja, gender, discourse analysis, communication, message, sex worker

JPMTR 109 | 1715 Case study
DOI 10.14622/JPMTR-1715
UDC 616.9(621.39)=573

Received: 2017-12-21
Accepted: 2018-04-10